Introduction to the mechanical properties of steel
Contents 1. yield point(0σs) When the steel or sample is stretched, when the stress exceeds the elastic limit, even if the stress does not increase, the steel or specimen still continues to undergo obvious plastic deformation, which is called yield. The minimum stress value of the yield phenomenon is the yield point. Let Ps be the external force at the yield point s, and Fo is the sample break area, then the yield point σ s = Ps / Fo (MPa) MPa is called the Mpa equal to N (Newton) / mm2 (MPa=106Pa, Pa: Pasca = N/m2) 2. Yield Strength (0σ 0.2) The yield point of some metal materials is not obvious and is difficult to measure. Therefore, to measure the yield characteristics of the material, the stress when the permanent residual plastic deformation is equal to a certain value (generally 0.2% of the original length) is stipulated, which is called conditional yield strength or yield strength σ 0.2. 3. Tensile strength (0σ b) The maximum stress value achieved from the material’s beginning to the fracture time during stretching indicates the size of the steel’s ability to resist breaking. It corresponds to the tensile strength, compressive strength, bending strength, etc. Let Pb be the maximum tensile force before the material is pulled and Fo is the section area of the sample, so the tensile strength σ b = Pb / Fo (MPa). 4. Elongation rate (0δs) After the material is pulled, the percentage of its plastic elongation length to the length of the original sample is called elongation or elongation rate. 5. Fion ratio (0σs/0σb) The ratio of yield point (yield strength) to tensile strength of steel is called the yield strength ratio. The greater the bending strength ratio, the higher the reliability of the structural parts. Carbon steel’s…
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